Mary (mother of Jesus)
"Virgin Mary" redirects here. For other uses, see Virgin Mary (disambiguation).
This article is an overview. For specific views, see: Anglican, Ecumenical, Islamic, Lutheran, Protestant, and Roman Catholic perspectives.
| Mary | |
|---|---|
 The Madonna in Sorrow, by Sassoferrato, 17th century. | |
| Born | Circa 20 BC; celebrated 8 September[1] |
| Residence | Nazareth, Galilee |
| Nationality | Israelite, Roman Empire[2] |
| Ethnicity | Jewish |
| Spouse | Joseph[3][4] |
| Children | Jesus of Nazareth |
| Parents | (According to the Gospel of James, circa AD 150): Joachim and Anne[5] |
The canonical gospels of Matthew and Luke describe Mary as a virgin (Greek παρθένος, parthénos).[6] Christians believe that she conceived her son miraculously by the agency of the Holy Spirit. This took place when she was already betrothed to Saint Joseph and was awaiting the concluding rite of marriage, the formal home-taking ceremony.[7] She married Joseph and accompanied him to Bethlehem, where Jesus was born.[3][4]
The New Testament begins its account of Mary's life with the Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced her divine selection to be mother of Jesus. Church tradition and early non-biblical writings state that her parents were an elderly couple, Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. The Bible records Mary's role in key events of the life of Jesus from his conception to his Ascension. Apocryphal writings tell of her subsequent death and bodily assumption into heaven.
Christians of the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Church, and the Anglican Communion believe that Mary, as mother of Jesus, is the Mother of God (Μήτηρ Θεοῦ) and the Theotokos, literally Birthgiver of God. Mary has been an object of veneration in Christianity since the Apostolic Age. Throughout the ages she has been a favorite subject in Christian art, music, and literature.
There is significant diversity in the Marian beliefs and devotional practices of major Christian traditions. The Catholic Church has a number of Marian dogmas, such as the Immaculate Conception and the Assumption. Catholics refer to her as Our Lady and venerate her as the Queen of Heaven and Mother of the Church; most Protestants do not share these beliefs.[8][9]
Islam regards Mary as the virgin mother of Jesus who they believe was one of the prophets. In the Qur'an, Mary has one of the biggest chapters. She is treated in the Sura Maryam (Arabic: سورة مريم) and Al-i imran.
Islamic perspective
Main article: Islamic views on Mary
Mary, the mother of Jesus, is mentioned as Maryam, more in the Qur'an than in the entire New Testament.[158][159] She enjoys a singularly distinguished and honored position among women in the Qur'an. A chapter in the Qur'an is titled "Maryam" (Mary), which is the only chapter in the Qur'an named after a woman, in which the story of Mary (Maryam) and Jesus(Isa) is recounted according to the Islamic view of Jesus.[160]
She is the only woman directly named in the Qur'an; declared (uniquely along with Jesus) to be a Sign of God to mankind [Qur'an 23:50]; as one who "guarded her chastity" [Qur'an 66:12]; an obedient one [Qur'an 66:12]; chosen of her mother and dedicated to God whilst still in the womb [Qur'an 3:36]; uniquely (amongst women) Accepted into service by God [Qur'an 3:37]; cared for by (one of the prophets as per Islam) Zakariya (Zacharias) [Qur'an 3:37]; that in her childhood she resided in the Temple and uniquely had access to Al-Mihrab (understood to be the Holy of Holies), and was provided with heavenly 'provisions' by God [Qur'an 3:37].[161]
Mary is also called a Chosen One [Qur'an 3:42]; a Purified One [Qur'an 3:42]; a Truthful one [Qur'an 5:75]; her child conceived through "a Word from God" [Qur'an 3:45]; and "exalted above all women of The Worlds/Universes (the material and heavenly worlds)" [Qur'an 3:42].
The Qur'an relates detailed narrative accounts of Maryam (Mary) in two places Sura 3[Qur'an 3:35] and Sura 19[Qur'an 19:16]. These state beliefs in both the Immaculate Conception of Mary and the Virgin birth of Jesus.[162][163] [164] The account given in Sura 19 [Qur'an 19:1] of the Qur'an is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation. It mentions how Mary was informed by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus through the actions of God alone.[165]
In the Islamic tradition, Mary and Jesus were the only children who could not be touched by Satan at the moment of their birth, for God imposed a veil between them and Satan.[166] According to author Shabbir Akhtar, the Islamic perspective on Mary's Immaculate Conception is compatible with the Catholic doctrine of the same topic.[167][168]
The Qur'an says that Jesus was the result of a virgin birth. The most detailed account of the annunciation and birth of Jesus is provided in Sura 3 and 19 of The Qur'an wherein it is written that God sent an angel to announce that she could shortly expect to bear a son, despite being a virgin.
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